New District Judge on Monday?

By John R. Byrne

This is for Judge Scola's seat. Stay tuned!

Dolphins open the season this Sunday at the Colts. Don't have a good feeling at all about this season (I expect them to be very bad this year) but they should be able to beat Daniel Jones on Sunday. 

CA11 stays Alligator Alcatraz decision in 2-1 order

 Here's the 2-1 order (Lagoa for the majority, joined by Branch and Jordan in dissent).

 Judge Lagoa ends her order with this:

While the power to determine immigration policy lies with the Federal government, “[t]he pervasiveness of federal regulation does not diminish the importance of immigration policy to the States,” which “bear[ ] many of the consequences of unlawful immigration.”  Arizona, 567 U.S. at 397.  Many of those harmful con-sequences are present here.  Governor DeSantis has declared a state of emergency under Florida law because Florida is experiencing an “immigration crisis of unprecedented magnitude.”  DE 137-1 ¶ 3.  According to Joseph Harrison, a Lieutenant Colonel and Deputy Director for the Florida Highway Patrol (“FHP”), forcing Florida to shutter the detention facility will lead to overcrowding and will kneecap the State’s immigration-enforcement efforts.  Id. ¶¶ 5, 6.  Furthermore, he offers non-speculative evidence that in-sufficient detention space will lead to detainees being released back into the community: “[B]efore the detention facility at the Dade-Collier Training and Transition Airport was established,” he ex-plains, “ICE regularly informed FHP officers that the federal government lacked sufficient detention capacity to detain illegal aliens intercepted by FHP,” and, “[i]n those instances, FHP was forced to let those illegal aliens go.”  Id. ¶ 5.  We are convinced that, if the injunction were to stay in place, it would bring the State’s already stressed and overcrowded system to a breaking point. 
On the other hand, the Plaintiffs have submitted declarations indicating that the conversion of the Site from a working air-port into a detention center will have a range of deleterious effects on the environment, including “light, water, and noise pollution, increased vehicular traffic, wildlife habitat degradation, and waste management issues.”  These declarations assert that these effects may “negatively impact” the ecosystem of the Everglades and the survival of various threatened or endangered species, although it is unclear whether these declarations have accounted for the Site’s former use as an airport in order to establish a reliable baseline to evaluate possible future environmental impacts.  DE 5-2 ¶¶ 13–14.  We need not, however, wade into that issue here.  As the Supreme Court reminds, there is no governmental project, especially one enacted in exigent circumstances, that does not pose some coun-tervailing risk.  Cf. Winter v. Nat. Res. Def. Council, Inc., 555 U.S. 7, 26 (2008) (holding that the balance of equities and consideration of overall public interest weighed in favor of the Navy, in spite of the fact that the Navy’s use of “mid-frequency active” sonar might cause “harm to an unknown number of the marine mammals,” be-cause blocking the Navy from using this technology would jeop-ardize the “safety of the fleet”).  Our job, at this stage, is to balance the equities, as well as the overall public interest, and we are com-pelled in this case to conclude that these factors favor the Defend-ants: While the environmental effects mentioned by the Plaintiffs may result in down-the-line harm, the injuries facing the Defend-ants and the public are critical, immediate, and concrete. 
We conclude that the balance of the harms and our consideration of the public interest favor a stay of the preliminary injunction. 

Judge Jordan starts his dissent this way: 

 Given the applicable burden on litigants who move for a stay, the deferential abuse of discretion standard that governs review of a preliminary injunction, and the clearly erroneous standard that limits appellate review of factual findings, the stay motion filed by the state and federal defendants should be a relatively simple denial.  The majority, however, essentially ignores the burden borne by the defendants, pays only lip service to the abuse of discretion standard, engages in its own factfinding, declines to consider the district court’s determination on irreparable harm, and performs its own balancing of the equities.  I therefore respectfully dissent from its decision to grant a stay of the preliminary injunction.    

Detra Shaw-Wilder Appointed Magistrate Judge

By Jordi C. Martínez-Cid

The Southern District of Florida has a new magistrate judge. Detra Shaw-Wilder was officially appointed to the bench, effective September 2, 2025. The administrative order is below.

Judge Shaw-Wilder is a graduate of the University of Florida and the University of Miami School of Law. She brings decades of litigation experience to the federal judiciary. Prior to her appointment, she was a partner at Kozyak Tropin & Throckmorton, where she handled complex commercial litigation, corporate disputes, and high-stakes arbitration matters. This makes her the fourth judge on the Southern District of Florida bench that was associated with Koyzak Tropin Throckmorton, joining Judge Huck, Judge Isicoff, and Judge Lopez-Castro.  

Despite strong recommendations and near-universal praise, Judge Shaw-Wilder’s appointment follows a stalled nomination for a district court judgeship by President Biden in 2024, which was ultimately returned by the Senate in early 2025 after Florida’s senators withheld their blue slips. She now joins the bench as a magistrate judge and will sit in Fort Lauderdale.

Boat cases

The defendants in those cases (usually mopes) used to get arrested, charged, and sentenced to monster sentences... And there has always been really interesting litigation surrounding jurisdiction and sentencing, etc.

But yesterday, the United States military blew up one of these drug boats, killing 11.  

Was this legal?

From Reuters:

The U.S. military killed 11 people on Tuesday in a strike on a vessel from Venezuela allegedly carrying illegal narcotics, President Donald Trump said, in the first known operation since his administration's recent deployment of warships to the southern Caribbean.

"We just, over the last few minutes, literally shot out a boat, a drug-carrying boat, a lot of drugs in that boat," Trump told reporters at the White House.

"And there's more where that came from. We have a lot of drugs pouring into our country, coming in for a long time ... These came out of Venezuela."

He later shared a video on his Truth Social platform that appeared to show footage from overhead drones of a speedboat at sea exploding and then on fire.

"The strike resulted in 11 terrorists killed in action. No U.S. Forces were harmed in this strike," Trump said.

He added that the U.S. military had identified the crew as members of Venezuelan gang Tren de Aragua, which the U.S. designated a terrorist group in February. He repeated allegations that Tren de Aragua is being controlled by Venezuela's President Nicolas Maduro, accusations that Caracas denies.

 

Eleventh Circuit Affirms CNN Summary Judgment Win

 By John R. Byrne

Some time ago, we covered Judge Singhal's grant of summary judgment to CNN in the defamation lawsuit filed against the network by Alan Dershowitz. The 11th Circuit just drove another nail into the lawsuit's coffin, affirming that order. The Court held there was no evidence that the reporters had spoken with actual malice (to the contrary, the Court noted that the evidence indicated that the reporters believed in the truth of their statements).

Perhaps more interesting, though, were the concurring opinions, written by Judges Lagoa and Wilson, which discussed the New York Times Co. v. Sullivan standard applicable to defamation cases. In short, Judge Lagoa doesn't like it, Judge Wilson does.  

Opinion here. 

Your moment(s) of Zen for the long weekend

1.  Dave Macey walks. From the AP:

Prosecutors have agreed to drop criminal charges against a prominent Miami defense attorney accused of orchestrating a bribery conspiracy involving two former U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration supervisors who leaked confidential information.

Charges will be dismissed against David Macey in a year as long as he does not break any laws, according to a deferred prosecution agreement announced Thursday in Manhattan federal court.

Prosecutors offered no explanation for the sudden reversal. But Judge Jennifer H. Rearden said the “extraordinary opportunity” for Macey to avoid trial was in part the result of his experienced legal team.

“I feel great. I’m elated,” Macey said, grinning as he walked out of the courthouse and embraced his attorneys.

2.  Cardi B puts on a masterclass on how to be an authentic witness while the cross-examiner completely fails

  

Cardi B gives a hilarious description of Emani Ellis weight as she takes a stand in court today. pic.twitter.com/cev8V7rsLg

— Red Media (@RedMedia_us) August 27, 2025

   

Cardi needs her own show or something because i was ctfu the whole time 😭 pic.twitter.com/iLZ4A26ugl

— Brimcess (@Belcardi11) August 27, 2025

FBA Addresses Threats to Judges

By John R. Byrne

Over the past few years, we’ve seen an increase in threats to federal judges, including to several judges in our district. Beyond increasing judicial security, though, what else can be done? 

The South Florida Chapter of the Federal Bar Association is trying something different—social media. The idea, spearheaded by current president, Courtney Cunningham, is to have several of our judges film short, social-media-friendly videos designed to educate the general public about the roles of federal judges. The hope is that it’ll help lower the rhetorical temperature while humanizing our judges in the process. Judges Bloom and Scola have already filmed segments, and others have agreed to participate. The Florida Bar recently covered the initiative here. It's worth a read. 

Finally, I would be remiss if I didn’t acknowledge the epic college football weekend ahead of us. There’s FSU v. Bama (corrected from earlier!). And, of course, Notre Dame v. UM or, as some people have been referring to it locally, Catholics vs. Cafecitos. Give me the Noles and Canes in close ones. 

Celebrating Judge Moreno’s 35 Years on the Federal Bench

By Jordi C. Martínez-Cid

This weekend a dinner was held in honor of Judge Federico A. Moreno, celebrating his 35 years of service on the Southern District of Florida bench. The event brought together members of Judge Moreno’s family, his courtroom staff, his local law clerks, and their families.

Over dinner, the Judge regaled the room with personalized stories about each of his clerks, recalling important cases, their accomplishments, and their not-so-serious gaffes. The Judge also took time to thank the hosts, Mariela Martínez-Cid (Moreno ‘01–‘02, ‘06, ‘08–Present) and Ricardo Martínez-Cid (King ‘01–‘02), for what was objectively, despite the author’s many biases, a beautiful event.

Be on the lookout for impersonators. I don’t think anyone will go full V for Vendetta, but I can imagine another judge, maybe  Judge Ruiz (Moreno ‘05–‘06), wearing Judge Moreno’s face on the bench.

Dirty Water

By John R. Byrne

A class action lawsuit was just filed against the Federal Bureau of Prisons, Attorney General Pam Bondi, and others over the tap water at Coleman prison. The complaint, filed in the Middle District of Florida, paints a pretty bleak condition of the water there. Visible "sediment" that floats in the water. "Oil-like residue" that settles at the bottom of the cup. And that's just what it supposedly looks like. It apparently also "smells like rotten eggs and human waste" and has an "unpalatable, chemical" taste. The lawsuit claims the dirty water has caused serious health issues within the facility.

The fault, the complaint says, primarily lies with the City of Wildwood, which the Defendants rely on to provide potable drinking water. Still, the plaintiffs seek relief against the federal officials because they allegedly have an independent duty to ensure the water is safe to drink.

Check out the complaint here. Warning: you may want to get down that first cup of coffee before reading.  

Eleventh Circuit Cracks Down on Airport Seizures

By John R. Byrne

In the post 9-11 world, getting through airport security can be a real pain in the keister. You got to take off your shoes (thanks for that, Richard Reid), your belt, put your laptop in a separate bin, etc., etc.). But the Clayton County P.D. in Atlanta added another fun wrinkle: purportedly random stops of TSA-cleared passengers on jet bridges that involved questioning about contraband and additional searches. 

Two black passengers named Eric Andre and Clayton English--who both also happen to be celebrity comedians--claimed these stops weren't so random and that the department selectively targeted black passengers.

The Eleventh Circuit held that the plaintiffs didn't plausibly allege a discriminatory purpose. But it also held that, if what the Plaintiffs said about the stops was true, the County's "drug interdiction program"constituted a policy and custom of unlawful seizures that violated the Fourth Amendment. 

If you have a connecting flight in Atlanta anytime soon, may want to read this one in its entirety!

Opinion here.

See Ya Later, Alligator: Judge Williams says no more Alligator Alcatraz

 Here's the 82 page order.  

The Everglades just got a reprieve. Judge Kathleen Williams granted in part and denied in part a motion for preliminary injunction in Friends of the Everglades v. Noem. The case challenges plans to convert the Dade-Collier Training and Transition Airport—smack in the middle of Big Cypress National Preserve—into a massive detention facility.

The bottom line is that no more detainees can be sent to the facility and much of it needs to be dismantled. 

From the conclusion (without the footnotes):

For the reasons set forth above, it is ORDERED AND ADJUDGED as follows: 

1. For the purposes of Defendants becoming compliant with their obligations under NEPA, the Court GRANTS IN PART AND DENIES IN PART Plaintiffs’ Motion for a Preliminary Injunction (DE 5), as follows: 

2. The Court ENTERS a Preliminary Injunction prohibiting the State and Federal Defendants39 and their officers, agents, employees, attorneys, and any person who is in active concert or participation with them from (1) installing any additional industrial-style lighting (described by witnesses as “Sunbelt” lighting); or doing any paving, filling, excavating, or fencing; or doing any other site expansion, including placing or erecting any additional buildings, tents, dormitories, or other residential or administrative facilities on the TNT site; and (2) bringing any additional persons onto the TNT site who were not already being detained at the site at the time of this Order going into effect. The Preliminary Injunction does not prohibit modification or repairs to existing facilities, which are solely for the purpose of increasing safety or mitigating environmental or other risks at the site. 

3. The Preliminary Injunction shall include among those “who are in active concert or participation with” the State or Federal Defendants or their officers, agents, employees, or attorneys, and thus prohibited from conducting the activities specified above, any contractors, subcontractors, or any other individuals or entities authorized to conduct work on the TNT site or provide detainee transportation or detention services. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 65(d)(2)(C) (including “other persons who are in active concert or participation with” the parties or the parties’ officers, agents, servants, employees, and attorneys among those bound by any injunction). 

4. No later than sixty (60) days from the date of this order, and once the population attrition allows for safe implementation of this Order,40 the Defendants shall remove 1) the temporary fencing installed by Defendants to allow Tribe members access to the site consistent with the access they enjoyed before the erection of the detention camp; 2) the Sunbelt lighting fixtures and any additional lighting installed for the use of the property as a detention facility; and 3) all generators, gas, sewage, and other waste and waste receptacles that were installed to support this project. 

5. Finally, Plaintiffs shall post a bond of $100. See BellSouth Telecomm., Inc. v. MCImetro Access Transmission Servs., LLC, 425 F.3d 964, 971 (11th Cir. 2005) (internal citations omitted) (“the amount of security required by the rule is a matter within the discretion of the trial court”).  

SDFLA Bench & Bar Conference

Who's in?  It looks like a wonderful conference.  September 12 at the Miami Beach Convention Center.  You can RSVP here.

I'm biased, of course, but this particular panel -- moderated by my partner Margot Moss -- looks especially interesting:

 

Shipwrecked!

By John R. Byrne

"Two 16th-century storylines set the stage for the sinking of la Trinité and France’s doomed efforts to colonize Florida. The first is one of empire: France, England, Spain, Portugal, and the Netherlands all hungered for new lands, new trade routes, and new resources in the so-called New World. The second is one of religion: Europe, long united in faith under the Catholic Church, fractured and descended into religious wars as the Protestant Reformation spread from kingdom to kingdom."

Is this the opening passage of a riveting non-fiction book about the fate of a cursed French ship? No! It's the background section of an Eleventh Circuit opinion that came out yesterday. The case involved a fight over the sunken remains of la Trinité, a French ship which sank off the coast of Cape Canaveral in 1565. In 2016, a company called Global Marine Exploration, Inc. (which in my head I'm imagining as the equivalent to Bill Paxton's crew from the movie Titanic) discovered the remains of the ship. But France called dibs, resulting in this litigation. 

In the end, the Eleventh Circuit held that the Sunken Military Craft Act (yes, this exists) barred Global Marine’s lawsuit because la Trinité was on military noncommercial service when it sank. But in getting to this holding, Chief Judge Pryor recounts an intriguing aspect of Florida history that involved warring battle ships, a devastating hurricane, and beheadings. Opinion here. 

It's all Alligator Alcatraz (UPDATED with full order)

 As we wait Judge Williams' decision on whether to issue a permanent injunction, another Alcatraz case was assigned to Judge Rudy Ruiz. 

Below is a portion of his 47-page order transferring the case to the Middle District (UPDATE -- here's a link to the full order):

Update: Judge Ruiz orders ACLU Alligator Alcatraz case be moved from the Southern District of FL to The Middle District of FL where Collier County falls under.

Dismisses the fifth amendment claim because the federal government announced Krome as the immigration court for AA. https://t.co/wf6dK4gS0T pic.twitter.com/61SgfOGZCl

— Churchill Ndonwie (@ChurchillNdonwi) August 19, 2025

  And here's the Miami Herald coverage:

Saying circumstances had changed, a federal judge in Miami dismissed a key claim in a lawsuit over Alligator Alcatraz detainees’ access to courts and legal services on Monday and moved the case to a different district.

U.S. District Judge Rodolfo A. Ruiz II wrote in a 47-page ruling that the lawsuit by lawyers and detainees at the Everglades immigration detention camp belonged in the Middle District of Florida because that court oversees legal disputes in Collier County, where the facility is largely located. He ordered the case transferred. But first, he said an allegation that Alligator Alcatraz detainees had no access to immigration courts was rendered moot when the Trump administration in recent days designated Krome North Processing Center in west Miami-Dade County as the venue for detainees’ cases to be heard.

The designation came more than a month after the first detainees were brought to Alligator Alcatraz. But Ruiz wrote that there was nothing more to be done and tossed a claim alleging violations of detainees’ Fifth Amendment rights. That left one claim — alleging a lack of confidential and swift access to attorneys in violation of the First Amendment — alive. “Prudence in this matter has revealed changed circumstances, a moot claim, and improper venue warranting transfer,” Ruiz wrote. Ruiz’s ruling came hours after he gathered attorneys on the case in his courtroom to debate a request by the American Civil Liberties Union and other plaintiffs to force the state and federal governments to identify an immigration court for the facility and a confidential channel for detainees to talk with their attorneys. The lack of an official immigration court designated to handle cases for detainees held at the makeshift detention camp has been a chief sticking point for lawyers, who said the issue was a violation of detainees’ Fifth Amendment rights. Immigration attorneys said their clients initially began receiving hearings at Krome after Alligator Alcatraz opened in early July, but that quickly ended, leaving detainees unable to petition the courts for bond.

RIP Gerry Spence

Just weeks after this blog reflected on the passing of Miami’s own Roy Black, the criminal defense bar has lost another giant: Gerry L. Spence, the Wyoming-born trial lawyer whose folksy charm, moral conviction, and unbroken string of jury wins made him one of the most celebrated advocates in American history. Spence died peacefully at his Montecito, California, home on August 13, 2025. He was 96.

I always like watching him talk for a few minutes about the burden of proof.  

Born January 8, 1929, in Laramie, Wyoming, Spence rose from modest roots to become a national figure in both civil and criminal trials. His résumé reads like a highlight reel: the $10.5 million verdict for nuclear whistleblower Karen Silkwood’s estate; the acquittal of Imelda Marcos; the defense of Randy Weaver after the Ruby Ridge standoff; and multimillion-dollar civil verdicts against corporate titans like McDonald’s.

In the early 1990s, Spence founded the Trial Lawyers College on his Thunderhead Ranch, where he trained a generation of lawyers in his signature approach — authentic storytelling, emotional connection, and unshakable courage. Known for his trademark fringed buckskin jacket, he was also a prolific author, penning titles like How to Argue and Win Every Time and The Making of a Country Lawyer.

Spence is survived by his wife of 57 years, LaNelle “Imaging” Spence, his children, and the countless clients and lawyers whose lives he touched. Like Roy Black, he believed the courtroom was a place not just to win, but to stand for something larger — and in doing so, he left a legacy that will endure well beyond the cases he tried.

Jason Reding Quinones sworn in

Congratulations to Mr. Reding Quinones! He was sworn in today in Washington DC by AG Pam Bondi.

 

Field Trip!

Well, almost.  This is such a great story (via the Miami Herald):

A Miami judge overseeing an environmental lawsuit seeking to shut down Alligator Alcatraz said Tuesday at the end of a contentious afternoon of witness testimony that she would like to take up Attorney General James Uthmeier on his invitation to visit the Everglades immigration detention center. Surprising attorneys for the DeSantis administration, U.S. District Judge Kathleen Williams said she’d heard Uthmeier extend an invitation to visit the detention camp during an Aug. 8 Fox Business interview in which he referred to her as a “leftist, activist judge.” “I invite the judges, come visit these facilities,” said Uthmeier, who also referenced a different federal lawsuit in Miami about detainees’ access to lawyers and courts.  

Alas, it doesn't look like it's going to happen:

Williams said she had interpreted the invitation to be serious. When the state’s lawyers said they had no knowledge of an official invitation, she said she had been in contact with the U.S. Marshalls about a possible site visit and was prepared to go this week. Williams dropped the issue when state lawyers reiterated their surprise.

No Venue Change? That’s Nuts, Says the Parnells — But the Court Disagrees

 The Eleventh Circuit had no sympathy for Stewart and Michael Parnell’s attempt to crack open their convictions over the infamous peanut salmonella outbreak.

In a decision (by Judge Carnes, joined by Chief Judge Pryor and Judge Luck) affirming the denial of their § 2255 motions, the court held that even if the brothers could show a Skilling presumption of jury prejudice, that alone doesn’t prove ineffective assistance of counsel. Both Strickland prongs — deficient performance and prejudice — still have to be met.

The Parnells argued their lawyers should have moved the trial away from the Albany Division, given extensive media coverage and community hostility. But the court found the defense teams — six lawyers with 122 years of combined experience — made a deliberate, strategic choice to stay put. Why? They believed a rural, peanut-savvy jury was their best shot at a “government overreach” defense and might be more forgiving about plant conditions.

As the panel put it:

“The unanimous decisions of the two defense teams not to seek a change of venue… was a strategic decision… virtually unchallengeable.”

And in one of the more candid moments from trial counsel:

“[My] concern… was not so much that the motion lacked merit — it was that it would be granted.”

In other words, the Parnells’ lawyers didn’t want the trial to be moved. 

See you later Alligator

 Judge Kathy Williams temporarily halts construction at Alligator Alcatraz.  From the Miami Herald:

 A federal judge has put a temporary but critically important halt on construction at Alligator Alcatraz. It wasn’t for the reasons you might think: lack of due process, detaining immigrants without criminal convictions, limited access to legal counsel and religious services or the fact that the government is housing thousands of people in tents in a hurricane zone. No, this ruling, issued Thursday, is the result of this center being built in just eight days in the middle of the Everglades. There was no time to consider the threat it may pose to endangered species, clean water, dark skies and the sensitive ecosystem. Now there is, thanks to a lawsuit brought by the Miccosukee Tribe and environmental advocacy groups Friends of the Everglades, the Center for Biological Diversity and Earthjustice.

Hacked!

 Uh oh... CM/ECF has been hacked.  From Politico:

The electronic case filing system used by the federal judiciary has been breached in a sweeping cyber intrusion that is believed to have exposed sensitive court data across multiple U.S. states, according to two people with knowledge of the incident.

The hack, which has not been previously reported, is feared to have compromised the identities of confidential informants involved in criminal cases at multiple federal district courts, said the two people, both of whom were granted anonymity because they were not authorized to speak publicly about the hack.

The Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts — which manages the federal court filing system — first determined how serious the issue was around July 4, said the first person. But the office, along with the Justice Department and individual district courts around the country, is still trying to determine the full extent of the incident.

It is not immediately clear who is behind the hack, though nation-state-affiliated actors are widely suspected, the people said. Criminal organizations may also have been involved, they added.

The Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts declined to comment. Asked whether it is investigating the incident, the FBI referred POLITICO to the Justice Department. The Justice Department did not immediately reply to a request for comment.

It is not immediately clear how the hackers got in, but the incident is known to affect the judiciary’s federal core case management system, which includes two overlapping components: Case Management/Electronic Case Files, or CM/ECF, which legal professionals use to upload and manage case documents; and PACER, a system that gives the public limited access to the same data.

In addition to records on witnesses and defendants cooperating with law enforcement, the filing system includes other sensitive information potentially of interest to foreign hackers or criminals, such as sealed indictments detailing non-public information about alleged crimes, and arrests and search warrants that criminal suspects could use to evade capture.